Wednesday, October 14, 2015

Every Picture Tells A Story, Part Three


Four years ago Rob Vance and I collaborated on a post showing the progress of concealed carry from 1986 through 2011. The post was anchored by a graphic that showed the growth in shall-issue carry and constitutional carry as a percentage of the United State population. At that time, approximately two-thirds of all Americans lived in a state that allowed either shall-issue or constitutional carry. In other words, shall-issue had become the new normal as it continues to be.

Effective October 15th, Maine becomes the seventh state to have constitutional carry. Rob thought now would be a good time to revisit this advancement of freedom and gun rights. I agree because that two-thirds of all Americans in 2011 has become three-fourths of all Americans in 2015.

As Rob explains:
The sea change in the legal status of concealed carry in the United States described below in graphic form follows a still ongoing grass roots effort at the state level, yet with national implications. There is now a fundamental recognition by the American public that giving advantages to criminals over law-abiding citizens, by means of law, is a logical and moral error. This realization has driven the liberalization of state level laws regarding concealed carry since Florida led the way in the modern era beginning in 1987. Twenty-six years later, Illinois became the last state with a de jure ban on concealed carry – passing “shall issue” legislation allowing legalized concealed carry for its citizens as a result of losing Moore v. Madigan and Shepard v. Madigan in the 7th US Circuit Court of Appeals. First permits under the new law were issued in 2014 in that state. The restoration of this fundamental freedom will continue by legislation where we can and by litigation where we cannot.
The two biggest changes shown in the graphic below are the addition of Illinois to the shall-issue column and the growth of constitutional carry from just two small states (Vermont and Alaska) to a total of seven today.

Rob and I are working on an update to Every Picture Tells A Story, Part Two as well as new effort called The Next Wave. This new effort will examine the growth of constitutional carry and its chances in states where it has been introduced but either not passed or vetoed by the governor.

Given that neither Rob nor I believe in hiding our data nor how we put things into categories, you can see it in this appendix.

As of October 15, 2015 here’s the box score in detail state by state:

Unrestricted Carry States (5.1 % US population)

Alaska, Arkansas, Arizona, Kansas, Maine (as of 10/15/15), Vermont, and Wyoming

Shall Issue States (67.5 % US population)

Alabama, Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Louisiana, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Mexico, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia and Wisconsin

May Issue States (27 % US population)

California (some counties are effectively No Issue, and others are much more permissive), Connecticut (*since 2013 I have accounted this as May Issue, as local conditions have changed from permissive to much less so), Delaware, District of Columbia (obviously not a state, but treated as one for this analysis), Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, and Rhode Island

No Issue State (.4 % US population)

Hawaii (the legal status of Hawaii is such that while permits are legally available, none are issued, which is why it is counted as No Issue in this analysis, rather than fitting into the May Issue category which it’s legislation warrants).

A word or two on definition of terms used in this analysis/graphic:

UNRESTRICTED: no permit is required to carry a concealed firearm, aka Constitutional Carry

SHALL ISSUE: permit required but the state is obligated to issue a permit if the applicant meets certain criteria (age, no felony record, no drug arrests, etc.); i.e., the state has no discretion.

MAY ISSUE: permit required but local authorities (e.g. sheriffs’ offices) have discretion in the form of requirements above and beyond what the state requires.

NO ISSUE: private citizens are effectively prohibited from carrying firearms for self-defense outside the home


Find the detail data here:

See also:
Thanks also to Jeff Dege at  http://www.gun-nuttery.com.

11 comments:

  1. Thanks for sharing these information with us. You may also be amazed to know that the no of guns increased the no of homicide in America. Nowadays anyone out there can go and join any Firearms safety training classes and get there gun. You must go and visit the Firearm Training Center Boston so that you may know that how many people come everyday to learn how to fire that killer.

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    1. [You may also be amazed to know that the no of guns increased the no of homicide in America.]
      Well, no. The U.S. homicide rate (and the "gun homicide" rate) has been steadily dropping nationwide since 1993.

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  2. Next frontier needs to be reciprocity. Too many places are no go zones. If there is a constitutional right to bear arms and a constitutional right to travel (so ruled by the SC) then the two need to be put together.

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    1. It would also be nice if we had "reciprocity" with the federal government. I can carry in UPS, Mail and More, and FedEx; why not the Post Office?

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    2. The reciprocity is a good idea for future research. As to Post Offices, the Bonidy case in Colorado which got overturned on appeal was a start. At least you could have carried in a PO parking lot.

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  3. Next frontier needs to be reciprocity. Too many places are no go zones. If there is a constitutional right to bear arms and a constitutional right to travel (so ruled by the SC) then the two need to be put together.

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  4. WA State has been Shall Issue since 1961. Don't give FL all the credit.
    _revjen45

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  5. It be interesting (but a lot of work) to break it down by county for the schizoid may-issue states like CA, NY, CT where some counties are defacto shall-issue while others approach no-issue. See the population %'s involved within those states.

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  6. It be interesting (but a lot of work) to break it down by county for the schizoid may-issue states like CA, NY, CT where some counties are defacto shall-issue while others approach no-issue. See the population %'s involved within those states.

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  7. Georgia has been shall issue since 1976. Cramer and Kopel were not aware of what Georgia's system actually was and that an unofficial opinion by the Attorney General is not binding to the one probate judge who asked him a question.

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  8. This is a great "data visualization" and I'm glad John and Rob are continuing to update it, despite the methodological challenges (e.g., how to handle California).

    The history is also interesting, since as was noted Washington state was shall-issue in 1961. (For anyone interested in concealed weapon permitting as it existed in Seattle in 1972, see my blog posts https://gunculture2point0.wordpress.com/2015/03/26/law-abiding-one-man-armies-seattle-washington-1972/ and https://gunculture2point0.wordpress.com/2015/03/27/neighborhood-racial-composition-and-applications-for-concealed-weapon-permits-seattle-1972/)

    In addition to Georgia, Indiana also preceded Florida by going shall issue in 1980. Maine, North Dakota, and South Dakota also beat Florida, but only because Bob Graham vetoed legislation in Florida in 1985.

    Florida gets the bulk of the credit, though, because Washington, Georgia, and Indiana did not open the floodgates like Florida did. Also, if you examine the legislative language, a number of states drew on the Florida language as a sort of model legislation.

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